Re[2]: viability post fixation

Tom Frey (Tom_Frey@bdis.com)
Tue, 10 Jun 1997 11:16:12 -0700

The experience of some people here (following a suggestion on this mailing list
early) is that dyes with higher affinity than PI (7-AAD, TOTO-3, etc) can often
maintain a distinction for considerably longer than two hours. Proper titration
of some of these dyes may even allow a lyse/no-wash type of assay, low
concentrations allow most of the dye to end up in the dead cells before fixation
and the dilution with fixative keeps the remaining dye from effectively staining
the cells that were alive.

Tom Frey

> Many moons ago I remember reading on the list a protocol
> for discriminating viable cells from dead cells that
> would still be usable after fixation of the sample.

If you analyze within 2 hours of fixation with 0.5% PFA, then you can use PI:
do standard PI staining, wash, then fix. If you wait more than 2 hours, the
signal really degrades.

The other alternative (which we have used for combining with intracellular
staining) is to use EMA (ethdium monoazide). Stain cells with 5 ug/ml in the
dark (20 min), wash twice, then expose to a UV source (like a UV light, even I
think, a fluorescent light bulb). Wash. EMA is UV-crosslinked to become
covalently bound to the cells and lights up cells that were dead before fixation
and permeabilization.

The EMA was published by a couple of people; see the Molecular Probes catalog
for specific references.

mr


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